I roto i te tukanga taraiwa, me whakarerekē te motuka i tōna ahunga taraiwa i ngā wā katoa e ai ki te hiahia o te taraiwa, arā, ko te urungi motuka. Mō ngā waka wira, ko te huarahi ki te whakatutuki i te urungi o te waka ko te mea ka meinga e te taraiwa ngā wira (ngā wira urungi) i runga i te toki urungi (ko te toki o mua te tikanga) o te waka kia whakapiko i tētahi koki e pā ana ki te tuaka roa o te waka mā roto i tētahi huinga tikanga kua hangaia motuhake. Ina taraiwa te motuka i te rārangi tika, ka pāngia te wira urungi e te kaha pokanoa taha o te mata o te rori, ā, ka whakapiko aunoa hei whakarerekē i te ahunga taraiwa. I tēnei wā, ka taea hoki e te taraiwa te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga hei whakapiko i te wira urungi ki te taha kē, kia whakahokia ai te ahunga taraiwa taketake o te motuka. Ko tēnei huinga o ngā whare motuhake e whakamahia ana hei whakarerekē, hei whakahoki rānei i te ahunga taraiwa o te motuka e kiia ana ko te pūnaha urungi motuka (e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te pūnaha urungi motuka). Nō reira, ko te mahi a te pūnaha urungi motuka ko te whakarite kia taea te urungi me te taraiwa i te motuka e ai ki te hiahia o te taraiwa. [1]
Pāhotanga whakatika mātāpono hangahanga
E rua ngā wāhanga o ngā pūnaha urungi waka: ngā pūnaha urungi mīhini me ngā pūnaha urungi mana.
Pūnaha urungi mīhini
Ka whakamahia e te pūnaha urungi ā-ringa te kaha tinana o te taraiwa hei pūngao urungi, ā, he ā-ringa ngā wāhanga katoa o te tuku kaha. E toru ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha urungi ā-ringa: te pūnaha whakahaere urungi, te taputapu urungi, me te pūnaha tuku urungi.
E whakaatu ana te Pikitia 1 i tētahi hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga me te whakaritenga o te pūnaha urungi mīhini. Ina tahuri te waka, ka whakamahia e te taraiwa he taipana urungi ki te wira urungi 1. Ka whakaurua tēnei taipana ki te taputapu urungi 5 mā te rakau urungi 2, te hononga urungi whānui 3 me te rakau tuku urungi 4. Ko te taipana i whakanuia e te taputapu urungi me te nekehanga i muri i te whakahekenga ka tukuna ki te ringa hurihuri urungi 6, kātahi ka tukuna ki te ringa porotaka urungi 8 kua mau ki te porotaka urungi maui 9 mā te tokotoko tika urungi 7, kia tukuna ai te porotaka urungi maui me te porotaka urungi maui e tautokona ana e ia. Kua whakapikohia te wira urungi. Hei whakapiko i te porotaka urungi matau 13 me te wira urungi matau e tautokona ana e ia mā ngā koki e rite ana, ka whakaratohia hoki he trapezoid urungi. Ko te trapezoid urungi he mea hanga mai i ngā ringa trapezoid 10 me te 12 kua mau ki ngā porotaka urungi maui me te matau me te tokotoko here urungi 11 e honoa ana ōna pito ki ngā ringa trapezoid mā ngā inihi pōro.
Pikitia 1 Te hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga me te tahora o te pūnaha urungi miihini
Pikitia 1 Te hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga me te tahora o te pūnaha urungi miihini
Ko te raupapa o ngā wāhanga me ngā wāhanga mai i te wira urungi ki te pou tuku urungi nō te pūnaha whakahaere urungi. Ko te raupapa o ngā wāhanga me ngā wāhanga (haunga ngā hononga o te urungi) mai i te ringa ruku urungi ki te trapezoid urungi nō te pūnaha tuku urungi.
pūnaha urungi mana
Ko te pūnaha urungi mana he pūnaha urungi e whakamahi ana i te kaha tinana o te taraiwa me te mana miihini hei pūngao urungi. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, he iti noa te wāhanga o te pūngao e hiahiatia ana mō te urungi o te motuka e tukuna ana e te taraiwa, ā, ko te nuinga o taua mea e tukuna ana e te miihini mā te taputapu urungi mana. Heoi, ina rahua te taputapu urungi mana, me taea e te taraiwa te whakahaere takitahi i te mahi urungi o te waka. Nō reira, ka hangaia te pūnaha urungi mana mā te tāpiri i tētahi huinga taputapu urungi mana i runga i te pūnaha urungi mīhini.
Mō tētahi waka taumaha he nui ake i te 50t te taumaha katoa, ina pakaru te taputapu urungi mana, kāore te kaha e pā ana ki te hononga urungi mā te pūnaha taraiwa mīhini e ranea hei huri i te wira urungi kia eke ki te taumata urungi. Nō reira, me tino pono te urungi mana o aua waka.
Pikitia 2 Te hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga o te pūnaha urungi mana waipēhi
Pikitia 2 Te hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga o te pūnaha urungi mana waipēhi
Ko te PIKITIA 2 he hoahoa kauwhata e whakaatu ana i te hanganga o tētahi pūnaha urungi mana waipēhi me te whakaritenga paipa o te taputapu urungi mana waipēhi. Ko ngā wāhanga o te taputapu urungi mana ko: he tāke hinu urungi 9, he papu hinu urungi 10, he takirere whakahaere urungi 5 me te rango mana urungi 12. Ina huri te taraiwa i te wira urungi 1 ki te taha maui (urungi maui), ka panaia e te ringa ruku urungi 7 te tokotoko tika urungi 6 kia neke whakamua. Ka mahi te kaha kukume o te tokotoko here tika ki te ringa piko urungi 4, ā, ka tukuna ki te ringa trapezoidal 3 me te tokotoko here urungi 11, kia neke ai ki te taha matau. I taua wā anō, ka panaia hoki e te tokotoko tika urungi te takirere reti i roto i te takirere whakahaere urungi 5, kia honoa ai te rūma matau o te rango mana urungi 12 ki te tāke hinu urungi me te kore pēhanga mata wai. Ka tomo te hinu pēhanga teitei o te papu hinu 10 ki te kōhao maui o te rango mana urungi, nō reira ka tukuna te kaha waipēhi ki te matau i runga i te piston o te rango mana urungi ki runga i te tokotoko here 11 mā te tokotoko pana, ka meinga hoki kia neke ki te matau. Mā tēnei, ka taea e te taipana urungi iti e pā ana ki te wira urungi te wikitoria i te taipana ātete urungi e pā ana ki te wira urungi e te whenua.
