mākū
Puna Makuku
paraharaha hinu
Ko te nuinga o ngā motuka e kitea ana i te mākete he ipu hinu mākū. Ko te take i tapaina ai rātou he ipu hinu mākū, nā te mea ka rumakina te poupou o te toki porowhita me te pito nui o te tokotoko hono o te miihini ki roto i te hinu whakahinuhinu o te ipu hinu i ia hurihanga o te poupou. I taua wā anō, nā te tere o te mahi o te poupou, i ia wā ka rumakina te poupou ki roto i te puna hinu i te tere nui, ka puta he tauhiuhi hinu me he kohu hinu hei whakahinuhinu i te poupou me te rakau whāriki, e kiia nei ko te whakahinuhinu tauhiuhi. Nō reira, he whakaritenga mō te taumata wai o te hinu whakahinuhinu i roto i te ipu hinu. Ki te iti rawa, kāore e taea te rumakina te poupou o te toki porowhita me te pito nui o te tokotoko hono ki roto i te hinu whakahinuhinu, ka kore e whakahinuhinu, ka maeneene hoki te poupou, te tokotoko hono me te rakau whāriki. Mena he tiketike rawa te taumata hinu whakahinuhinu, ka rumakina te peera ki roto i te hinu katoa, ka piki ake te ātete hurihuri o te porowhita, ā, ka heke te mahi a te miihini.
He māmā noa te hanganga o tēnei momo tikanga whakahinuhinu, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he tāke hinu tāpiri, engari kaua e nui rawa te piko o te waka, ki te kore ka puta he aituā e mura ana i te rango hinu nā te ngoikore o te hinu me te turuturu o te hinu.
maroke
Puna Maroke
He maha ngā mīhini reihi e whakamahi ana i ngā puna maroke. Kāore e rongoatia te hinu ki roto i te puna, engari he tika ake, kāore he puna hinu. Ka whakahinuhinuhia ngā mata waku o ēnei nekehanga i roto i te pouaka crank mā te pēhi i te hinu mā roto i tētahi i tētahi kōhao. Nā te mea ka whakakorehia e te mīhini puna maroke te mahi rokiroki hinu o te puna hinu, ka tino whakaitihia te teitei o te puna hinu mata, ā, ka whakaitihia hoki te teitei o te mīhini. Ko te painga matua ko te karo i ngā āhuatanga kino o te puna mākū i puta mai i te taraiwa kaha.
Heoi, ko te pēhanga katoa o te hinu whakahinuhinu e ahu mai ana i te papu hinu. Ka honoa te mana o te papu hinu e ngā taputapu mā te hurihanga o te porowhita. Ahakoa i roto i te miihini puna wai mākū, me whai papu hinu anō hoki hei whakarato whakahinuhinu pēhanga mō te porowhita. Engari he iti tēnei pēhanga, ā, he iti noa te mana e hiahiatia ana e te papu hinu. Heoi, i roto i ngā miihini puna wai maroke, me nui ake te kaha o tēnei whakahinuhinu pēhanga. Ā, he nui ake te rahi o te papu hinu i te papu hinu o te miihini puna wai mākū. Nō reira, me nui ake te mana o te papu hinu i tēnei wā. He rite tēnei ki te miihini supercharged, me kai te papu hinu i tētahi wāhanga o te mana o te miihini. Ina koa i te tere teitei, ina piki ake te tere o te miihini, ka piki ake te kaha o te nekehanga o ngā wāhanga waku, ā, me nui ake te hinu e hiahiatia ana hei whakahinuhinu, nō reira me nui ake te pēhanga e whakaratohia ana e te papu hinu, ā, ka kaha ake hoki te kai o te mana o te porowhita.
He mārama, kāore tēnei momo hoahoa e pai mō ngā miihini waka ā-iwi noa, nā te mea me ngaro tetahi wāhanga o te mana o te miihini, e kore e pā noa ki te putanga mana, engari kāore hoki e pai mō te whakapai ake i te ōhanga. Nō reira, ko ngā miihini nekehanga nui, ngā miihini kaha-teitei rānei anake ka whakauruhia ki te puna maroke, pērā i ngā motuka hākinakina i whānau mai mō te taraiwa kaha. Hei tauira, ka tangohia e Lamborghini te hoahoa puna hinu maroke. Mōna, he mea nui ake te whakapai ake i te pānga whakahinuhinu i te rohe me te whiwhi i te pokapū taumaha iti iho, ā, ka taea te utu i te ngaronga o te mana mā te whakanui ake i te nekehanga me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Mō te ōhanga, ko te ira tangata he mea kāore e tika ana kia whakaarohia e tēnei tauira.
Te whakahaere me te tiaki
He wāhanga nui te papu weronga wahie o te pūnaha tuku wahie o te miihini hiko tīhi, ā, ko tōna āhua mahi ka pā tika ki te kaha, te ōhanga me te pono o te miihini hiko tīhi. He mea nui te tiaki tika hei whakarite kia mahi tonu te papu weronga wahie me te whakaroa i tōna roanga mahi. Mā ngā "huānga tekau" e whai ake nei koe e ako ki te tiaki i te papu weronga wahie o ngā miihini hiko tīhi:
1. Kia tika te tiaki i ngā taputapu o te papu weronga wahie.
Me pupuri tonu te taupoki taha o te tinana papu, te rākau whakatō hinu, te mono whakakī hinu (manawa), te takirere turuturu hinu, te mono tīwiri puna hinu, te tīwiri taumata hinu, te pūtu whakau papu hinu, me ētahi atu. He mahi nui tā ēnei taputapu i roto i te whakahaere o te papu weronga wahie. He mahi nui tēnei. Hei tauira, ka taea e te taupoki taha te ārai i te urunga mai o ngā poke pēnei i te puehu me te wai, ka taea e te manawa (me te tātari) te ārai i te pirau o te hinu, ā, ka whakarite te takirere waipuke hinu kia whai pēhanga motuhake te pūnaha wahie, ā, kia kore ai e uru ki te hau. Nō reira, me whakapakari te tiaki i ēnei taputapu, me te whakatika, te whakakapi rānei i te wā tika mēnā ka pakaru, ka ngaro rānei.
2. Tirohia tonutia mēnā e tutuki ana ngā whakaritenga i te nui me te kounga o te hinu i roto i te puna hinu o te papu weronga wahie.
I mua i te tīmatanga o te mīhini whakaputa hinu tīhi, me tirotiro te nui me te kounga o te hinu i roto i te papu weronga wahie i ia wā (haunga te papu weronga wahie e akiakihia ana kia whakahinuhinuhia e te miihini) kia tino tika ai te nui o te hinu, kia pai ai hoki te kounga. Ki te kore, ka tere te pakaru o te pūwero me te takirua takirere putanga hinu, ka kore e ranea te mana o te miihini tīhi, ka uaua te tīmata, ā, i ngā wā kino, ka waikura, ka pirau hoki te pūwero me te takirua takirere putanga hinu. Nā te turuturu o roto o te papu hinu, te mahi kino o te takirere putanga hinu, te pakaru o te tappet me te anga o te papu whakawhiti hinu, me te pakaru o te mowhiti hiri, ka turuturu te hinu tīhi ki roto i te puna hinu ka waimeha te hinu. Nō reira, me whakakapi i te wā tika kia rite ki te kounga o te hinu. Ka horoia pai te tāke hei tango i te paru me ētahi atu poke i raro i te tāke hinu, ki te kore ka pirau te hinu i muri i te wā poto o te whakamahinga. Kaua te nui o te hinu e nui rawa, e iti rawa rānei. Ki te nui rawa te hinu i roto i te kawana ka tere te "tere" o te miihini tīhi. Ki te iti rawa te hinu ka ngoikore te whakahinuhinu. Me whakamahi te rākau hinu, te tīwiri papa hinu rānei. Hei tāpiri, ki te kore te mīhini tīhi e whakamahia mō te wā roa, me tirotiro mēnā he paru pērā i te wai me te hinu tīhi kei roto i te hinu i roto i te puna hinu o te papu hinu. Kua waikura, kua paraia ngā wahi.
3. Tirohia me te whakarerekē i te puna wahie o ia rango o te papu weronga wahie i ia wā.
Nā te pakaru o te hononga pūwero me te hononga takirere putanga hinu, ka iti, ka kore rānei e ōrite te rere o te hinu tīhiera i roto i ia rango, ka uaua te tīmata i te mīhini tīhiera, ka kore e ranea te hiko, ka nui ake te whakapaunga wahie, ā, ka kore e pumau te mahi. Nō reira, me tirotiro me te whakatikatika i te rere o te wahie o ia rango o te papu weronga wahie kia pai ai te mahi a te mīhini tīhiera. I te whakamahinga tūturu, ka taea te whakatau i te nui o te wahie o ia rango mā te tirotiro i te paoa putanga o te miihini tīhiera, te whakarongo ki te tangi o te mīhini, me te pā ki te pāmahana o te putanga putanga.
4. Whakamahia ngā paipa hinu pēhanga teitei paerewa.
I te wā e tukuna ana te wahie o te papu weronga wahie, nā te kaha o te hinu tīhiera me te ngāwari o te paipa hinu pēhanga teitei, ka puta he rerekētanga pēhanga i roto i te paipa o te hinu tīhiera pēhanga teitei, ā, ka roa te wā e tukuna ai te ngaru pēhanga i roto i te paipa. He ōrite te nui, he maeneene te mahi a te miihini tīhiera, ā, ka tīpakohia te roa me te whānui o te paipa hinu pēhanga teitei i muri i te tatau. Nō reira, ina pakaru te paipa hinu pēhanga teitei o tētahi rango, me whakakapi te paipa hinu he roa paerewa me te whānui o te paipa. I te whakamahinga tūturu, nā te kore o ngā paipa hinu paerewa, ka whakamahia ētahi atu paipa hinu, ahakoa he rite te roa me te whānui o ngā paipa hinu, nō reira he tino rerekē te roa me te whānui o ngā paipa hinu. Ahakoa ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te āhuatanga ohorere, ka arahi ki te tuku hinu ki te rango. Ko te huringa o te koki whakamua me te nui o te tuku hinu ka kore e pumau te mahi a te mīhini katoa, nō reira me whakamahi te paipa hinu pēhanga teitei paerewa i te whakamahinga.
5. Tirohia tonutia te āhua o te hiri o te hononga takirere o te mīhini.
I muri i te mahi a te papu weronga wahie mō tētahi wā, mā te tirotiro i te āhua hiri o te takirere putanga wahie, ka taea te whakatau tata i te pakaru o te plunger me te āhua mahi o te papu wahie, he mea pai tēnei hei whakatau i te tikanga whakatika me te tiaki. I te tirotiro, wetekina ngā hononga paipa hinu pēhanga teitei o ia rango, ka whakamahia te papu hinu ā-ringa o te papu tuku hinu hei pupuhi hinu. Mena ka rere te hinu i waho o ngā hononga paipa hinu i te tihi o te papu weronga wahie, ko te tikanga kāore i te pai te hiri o te takirere putanga hinu (o te tikanga, ki te pakaru te puna takirere putanga hinu, ka pakaru anō hoki. Mena ka tupu tēnei), ki te mea he hiri kino kei roto i te maha-rango, me whakatika me te tiaki i te papu weronga wahie, ā, me whakakapi te hononga.
6. Whakakapia te takirua o te pūwero me te takirere putanga hinu i te wā tika.
Ina kitea he uaua te tīmata i te mīhini tīhiera, ka heke te kaha, ka piki ake te whakapaunga wahie, ā, kāore anō kia pai ake te papu weronga wahie me te weronga wahie mā te whakatikatika i te papu weronga wahie, me wetewete te pūwero papu weronga wahie me te takirere putanga wahie, ā, me tirotiro. Mena kua pakaru te pūwero me te takirere putanga wahie ki tētahi taumata, me whakakapi i te wā tika, kaua e tohe kia whakamahia anō. Ko ngā uauatanga ki te tīmata i te mīhini tīhiera, te pikinga o te whakapaunga wahie, te korenga o te kaha me ētahi atu mate i puta mai i te pakaru o ngā wāhanga hononga he nui atu i te utu o te whakakapinga i ngā wāhanga hononga, ā, ka tino pai ake te kaha me te ōhanga o te mīhini tīhiera i muri i te whakakapinga. Ngā wāhanga whakakapinga.
7. Me whakamahi tika te hinu tīhiera, ā, me tātari kia tino ma te hinu tīhiera e tomo ana ki te papu weronga wahie.
I te nuinga o te wā, he nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te tātari tīhi mō ngā miihini penehīni. Me whiriwhiri ngā hinu tīhi e tutuki ana i ngā taumata e hiahiatia ana hei whakamahi, ā, me waiho kia 48 hāora te roa. Whakapakarihia te horoi me te tiaki i te tātari tīhi, horoia, whakakapia rānei te wāhanga tātari i te wā tika; horoia te tāke tīhi i te wā tika kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te taiao mahi, tangohia rawatia te paru me te makuku i raro i te tāke wahie, ā, ka pāngia te pūwero o te papu weronga wahie me te putanga hinu e ngā poke o te tīhi. Ka waikura nui, ka pakaru rānei ngā hononga takirere me ngā wāhanga tuku.
8. Tirohia me te whakarerekē i te koki whakamua o te tuku wahie o te papu weronga wahie me te koki wā tuku wahie o ia rango.
I te wā e whakamahia ana, nā te wetekina o ngā pūtu hononga me te kakahu o ngā wāhanga o te camshaft me te roera, ka maha ngā wā ka rerekē te koki whakamua o te tuku hinu me te koki wā tuku hinu o ia rango, ka kino ake te tahunga o te tīhiera, ka kino ake te kaha me te ōhanga o te miihini tīhiera. Ka heke te mahi, ā, i te wā kotahi, he uaua ki te tīmata, he koretake te mahi, he haruru rerekē me te wera nui. I te whakamahinga tūturu, ka aro te nuinga o ngā taraiwa ki te tirotiro me te whakatikatika i te koki whakamua o te tuku wahie whānui, engari ka wareware ki te tirotiro me te whakatikatika i te koki wā tuku wahie (tae atu ki te whakatikatika i te koki whakamua o te tuku wahie papu kotahi). Heoi, nā te kakahu o ngā camshaft me ngā wāhanga tuku roera, kāore te tuku hinu o ngā rango e toe ana i te wā tika, ka uaua ake hoki te tīmata i te miihini tīhiera, ka kore e ranea te mana, ka koretake te mahi, inā koa mō te papu weronga wahie kua roa e whakamahia ana. E kiia ana me aro nui ake ki te tirotiro me te whakatikatika i te koki wā tuku hinu.
9. Kia tirohia tonutia te ātea o te camshaft.
He tino pakari te āputa tuaka o te camshaft o te papu weronga wahie, i waenganui i te 0.03 me te 0.15mm. Mēnā he nui rawa te āputa, ka nui ake te pānga o ngā wāhanga tuku roera ki te mata mahi o te cam, ka piki ake te kakahu wawe o te mata cam, ka huri hoki te tuku. Koki whakamua hinu; He nui rawa te rakau amo camshaft me te āputa radial, ka ngāwari te oma o te camshaft, ka wiri te rīpene whakatikatika rōrahi hinu, ka huri hoki te rōrahi tuku hinu i ia wā, ka kore e pumau te oma o te miihini tīhiera, nō reira me tirotiro me te whakatikatika i ia wā. Mēnā he nui rawa te āputa tuaka o te camshaft, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā hiri ki ngā taha e rua hei whakatikatika. Mēnā he nui rawa te āputa radial, he mea tika kia whakakapia te hua hou.
10. Tirohia i ia wā te pakaru o ngā ara kī me ngā pūtu whakapiri.
Ko ngā ara kī me ngā pūtu e pā ana ki ngā ara kī o te camshaft, ngā ara kī o te flange hononga (ngā papu hinu e tuku mana ana mā ngā hononga), ngā kī haurua porowhita me ngā pūtu whakapiri hononga. Kua roa te whakamahinga o te ara kī o te camshaft, te ara kī o te flange me te kī haurua porowhita o te papu weronga wahie, ā, kua tawhito ngā mea māmā, ka whānui ake te ara kī, kāore te kī haurua porowhita i te tino mau, ā, ka rerekē te koki whakamua o te tuku hinu; i roto i te take nui, ka takahuri te kī, ka kore e taea te tuku mana. , nō reira me tirotiro tonu, me whakatika, me whakakapi rānei i ngā wāhanga kua tawhito i te wā tika.
Ngā Whakatūpato
Ngā Whakatenatena Tīhiera
1. Kua pakaru te mowhiti-O o te werohanga;
2. Te korenga o te whakakorikori o te injector, te hinu e turuturu ana;
3. Te tāutanga hē o te werohanga;
4. Kāore i whakakapia te mowhiti-O i te wā i tāutahia anō ai te werohanga.
Me aro te rokiroki miihini Cummins ki:
1) Me noho haumaru te wāhi rokiroki o te tāke wahie hei ārai i te ahi. Me waiho te tāke wahie, te pū hinu rānei ki tētahi wāhi e kitea ana, kia matara atu i te huinga whakaputa hiko tīhiera, ā, me tino rāhuitia te momi hikareti.
2) Me whakarite te nui o te wahie i roto i te tāke kia ea ai te nui o te wahie i ia rā.
3) I muri i te whakatakotoranga o te tāke hinu, kaua e neke ake i te 2.5 mita te taumata hinu teitei rawa atu i te turanga o te huinga whakaputa hinu tīhi. Mena he teitei ake i te 2.5 mita te taumata hinu o te whare hinu nui, me tāpiri he tāke hinu ia rā ki waenganui i te whare hinu nui me te waeine hei hanga i te pēhanga o te tuku hinu tika. Kaua e neke atu i te 2.5 mita. Ahakoa kua whakawetohia te miihini tīhi, kāore e whakaaetia te rere o te wahie ki roto i te miihini tīhi mā te raina whakauru wahie, mā te raina weronga wahie rānei e te kaha ā-papa.
4) Kaua te ātete i te putanga hinu e neke ake i te uara kua tohua i runga i ngā pepa raraunga mahi miihini tīhiera katoa ina whakamahia he huānga tātari ma. Ko tēnei uara ātete e ahu mai ana i te haurua o te wahie i roto i te tāke wahie.
5) Kaua te ātete whakahokinga wahie e neke ake i ngā whakaritenga kei runga i te pepa raraunga mahi o te miihini tīhiera e whakamahia ana.
6) Kaua te hononga o te paipa whakahoki hinu wahie e puta ai ngā ngaru ru i roto i te paipa hinu wahie.
