Te tūranga mahi me te kaupapa o te pā whakamatao waka
1. Ina kitea e te pūoko pāmahana o te tāke (ko te takirere whakahaere pāmahana, ehara i te pūoko pāmahana ine wai) kua hipa te pāmahana o te tāke i te paepae (te nuinga o te 95 nekehanga), ka uru te whakawhiti hau;
2. Ka honoa te ara iahiko pā mā te whakawhiti pā, ā, ka tīmata te motuka pā.
3. Ina kitea e te pūoko pāmahana o te tāke wai kei raro iho te pāmahana o te tāke wai i te paepae, ka wehea te whakawhiti hau, ā, ka mutu te mahi a te motuka hau.
Ko te pāmahana o te tāke te mea e pā ana ki te mahi a te pā hau, ā, kāore te pāmahana o te tāke e pā tika ana ki te pāmahana wai o te mīhini.
Te tūranga mahi me te kaupapa o te pā whakamatao waka: e rua ngā momo o te pūnaha whakamatao waka.
Te whakamatao wai me te whakamatao hau. Ka hurihia te wai e te pūnaha whakamatao o te waka whakamatao wai mā roto i ngā paipa me ngā awaawa i roto i te miihini. Ina rere te wai i roto i te miihini wera, ka mimiti i te wera ka whakamatao i te miihini. I muri i te haerenga o te wai i roto i te miihini, ka hurihia ki te whakawhiti wera (ranei te radiator), ka marara te wera mai i te wai ki te hau. Te whakamatao hau I whakamahia e ētahi waka o mua te hangarau whakamatao hau, engari he iti noa te whakamahi a ngā waka o ēnei rā i tēnei tikanga. Engari ko te rere o te wai i roto i te miihini, ka whakamahia e tēnei tikanga whakamatao ngā pepa konumohe e piri ana ki te mata o ngā rango miihini hei whakamatao. Ka pupuhihia e ngā pā kaha te hau ki roto i ngā pepa konumohe, ka marara te wera ki te hau kau, ka whakamatao i te miihini. Nā te mea he maha ngā waka e whakamahi ana i te whakamatao wai, he maha ngā paipa i roto i te pūnaha whakamatao o ngā waka paipa.
I muri i te tukunga o te wai e te papu ki te poraka miihini, ka tīmata te rere o te wai mā roto i ngā awaawa miihini huri noa i te rango. Kātahi ka hoki te wai ki te whakamahana wera mā roto i te pane rango o te miihini, ka rere atu i te miihini. Ki te whakawetohia te whakamahana wera, ka rere tika te wai ki te papu mā roto i ngā paipa huri noa i te whakamahana wera. Ki te whakakāhia te whakamahana wera, ka tīmata te rere o te wai ki roto i te whakamahana wera, kātahi ka hoki anō ki te papu.
He huringa motuhake anō hoki tō te pūnaha whakamahana. Ka tīmata te huringa i te pane rango, ka whāngaihia te wai mā roto i ngā pupuhi o te whakamahana i mua i te hokinga ki te papu. Mō ngā motuka he tuku aunoa, he tukanga huringa motuhake te tikanga hei whakamatao i te hinu tuku kua whakauruhia ki roto i te radiator. Ka papuhia te hinu tuku e te transmission mā roto i tētahi atu whakawhiti wera i roto i te radiator. Ka taea e te wai te mahi i roto i te whānuitanga o te pāmahana mai i raro iho i te kore nga nekehanga Celsius ki runga ake i te 38 nga nekehanga Celsius.
Nō reira, ko te wai e whakamahia ana hei whakamatao i te mīhini, me tino iti te ira tio, me tino teitei te ira kohua, ā, me kaha ki te mimiti i te whānuitanga o te wera. Ko te wai tētahi o ngā wai tino whai hua hei mimiti i te wera, engari he tino teitei rawa te ira tio o te wai hei whakatutuki i ngā tikanga whāinga mō ngā mīhini motuka. Ko te wai e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o ngā motuka he ranunga o te wai me te ethylene glycol (c2h6o2), e mōhiotia ana ko te whakamatao. Mā te tāpiri i te ethylene glycol ki te wai, ka taea te whakanui ake i te ira kohua, me te whakaiti i te ira tio.
I ia wā e oma ana te mīhini, ka hurihia te wai e te papu. He rite ki ngā papu pūwero e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā motuka, i te wā e hurihuri ana te papu, ka panaia te wai ki waho mā te kaha pūwero, ā, ka mimiti tonu mā waenganui. Kei te taha o waenganui te tomokanga o te papu kia taea ai e te wai e hoki mai ana i te radiator te pa atu ki ngā mata o te papu. Ka haria e ngā mata o te papu te wai ki waho o te papu, ki reira ka tomo ki te mīhini. Ka tīmata te rere o te wai mai i te papu mā roto i te poraka mīhini me te pane, kātahi ki roto i te radiator, ā, i te mutunga ka hoki anō ki te papu. He maha ngā awa o te poraka rango me te pane o te mīhini i hangaia mai i te whakarewa, i te hanga miihini rānei hei whakahaere i te rere o te wai.
Ki te rere pai te wai i roto i ēnei paipa, ko te wai anake e pā ana ki te paipa ka whakamatao tika. Ko te wera e whakawhitia ana mai i te wai e rere ana i roto i te paipa ki te paipa, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i te paipa me te wai e pā ana ki te paipa. Nō reira, ki te whakamatao wawetia te wai e pā ana ki te paipa, ka iti noa te wera e whakawhitia ana. Ka taea te whakamahi pai i te wai katoa i roto i te paipa mā te hanga i te pōrearea i roto i te paipa, te whakaranu i te wai katoa, me te pupuri i te wai kia pā ki te paipa i ngā pāmahana teitei kia nui ake te wera e mimitia ana.
He tino rite te whakamatao tuku ki te radiator i roto i te radiator, engari kāore te hinu e whakawhiti wera ki te tinana hau, engari ki te ārai huka i roto i te radiator. Taupoki tāke pēhanga Ka taea e te taupoki tāke pēhanga te whakanui ake i te pāmahana koropupū o te ārai huka mā te 25℃.
Ko te mahi matua o te thermostat he whakamahana tere i te mīhini, me te pupuri i te pāmahana pumau. Ka tutuki tēnei mā te whakarerekē i te nui o te wai e rere ana i roto i te radiator. I ngā pāmahana iti, ka āraia rawatia te putanga radiator, arā, ka rere katoa te ārai huka i roto i te mīhini. Kia piki te pāmahana o te ārai huka ki te 82-91 C, ka tahuri te thermostat, ka taea ai te rere o te wai i roto i te radiator. Ina tae te pāmahana ārai huka ki te 93-103℃, ka noho tonu te kaiwhakahaere pāmahana.
He rite te pā hau whakamatao ki te thermostat, nō reira me whakarite kia mau tonu te pāmahana o te mīhini. He pā hau hiko ngā motuka taraiwa wira o mua nā te mea he whakapae te whakanoho o te mīhini, ko te tikanga ko te putanga o te mīhini e anga ana ki te taha o te motuka.
Ka taea te whakarite i te pā hau mā te pana whakamahana, mā te rorohiko miihini rānei. Ina piki te pāmahana ki runga ake i te pūwāhi kua whakaritea, ka whakakāhia ēnei pā hau. Ina heke te pāmahana ki raro iho i te uara kua whakaritea, ka whakawetohia ēnei pā hau. Pā hau whakamatao Ko ngā waka taraiwa wira-muri me ngā miihini roa he maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia ki ngā pā hau whakamatao e whakahaerehia ana e te miihini. He mau here matotoru whakamahana ēnei pā hau. Kei waenganui o te pā hau te mau here, e karapotia ana e te hau mai i te radiator. I ētahi wā, he rite tēnei mau here matotoru ki te hononga matotoru o te motuka taraiwa wira-katoa. Ina wera rawa te motuka, whakatuwheratia ngā matapihi katoa ka whakahaere i te whakamahana ina rere te pā hau i te tere katoa. Nā te mea he pūnaha whakamahana tuarua te pūnaha whakamahana, ka taea te whakaata i te āhua o te pūnaha whakamatao matua o te motuka.
Pūnaha Whakamahana He iti noa iho ngā pūwero whakamahana kei runga i te papaaho o te motuka. Ka tukuna e te hau wera te hau kau mā roto i ngā pūwero whakamahana ki roto i te wāhi noho o te motuka. He rite ngā pūwero whakamahana ki ngā pūwero iti. Ka mimitihia e ngā pūwero whakamahana te ārai huka wera mai i te pane rango, kātahi ka tukuna anō ki roto i te papu kia taea ai e te whakamahana te oma ina tahurihia, ina whakawetohia rānei te pūwero whakamahana.
