Pūkaha whakaputa waka.
Ko te pūkaha hiko o te motuka te pūtake hiko matua o te motuka, ko tana mahi he tuku hiko ki ngā taputapu hiko katoa (haunga te tīmatanga) i te wā e oma ana te miihini, me te utu anō hoki i te pākahiko i te wā kotahi.
I runga i te takai pūmau toru-wāhanga o te pūwhakawhiti kotahi, whakanuia te maha o ngā takai takai, ka puta te pito, tāpirihia he huinga whakatikatika piriti toru-wāhanga. I te tere iti, ka tukuna raupapatia te takai tuatahi me te takai toronga, ā, i te tere tiketike, ko te takai tuatahi toru-wāhanga anake ka tukuna.
Te kaupapa mahi
Ko te kaupapa mahi o te alternator katoa
Ina whakakahangia te takai āpure e te ara iahiko o waho mā te paraihe, ka puta he āpure aukume, kia uru ai te pou matikuku ki te pou N me te pou S. Ina huri te rotor, ka huri te rerenga aukume i roto i te takai stator, e ai ki te mātāpono o te whakapūngao hikohiko, ka puta he kaha hikohiko tauutuutu i te takai stator e toru-wāhanga. Koinei te āhua o te whakaputa hiko a te alternator.
Ka tōia e te pūwhakahaere matua (arā, te mīhini) te rotor o te pūwhakaputa hiko DC whakahihiri kia huri i te tere n(rpm), me te pūmanawa AC whakaawe o te takai stator toru-wāhanga. Mena ka honoa te takai stator ki te kawenga hiko, ka puta te mana AC ki te motuka, ā, ka hurihia te mana AC hei iahiko tika mai i te pito putanga mā te piriti whakatikatika i roto i te pūwhakaputa hiko.
E rua ngā wāhanga o te takai pūmau me te takai hurihuri, ka tohatohahia te takai pūmau toru-wāhanga ki runga i te anga e ai ki te koki hiko o te rerekētanga 120 nekehanga i waenganui i a rātou anō, ko te takai hurihuri he mea tito mai i ngā maikuku pou e rua. Ina honoa te takai hurihuri ki te au tika, ka whakaohokia, ā, ka hangaia e ngā maikuku pou e rua te pou N me te pou S. Ka tīmata te rārangi aukume mai i te pou N, ka tomo ki te matua o te pūmau mā te āputa hau ka hoki ki te pou S e tata ana. Kia hurihia te hurihuri, ka tapahia e te takai hurihuri te rārangi kaha aukume, ka whakaputa i te kaha hiko hiko sinusoidal me te rerekētanga koki hiko o te 120 nekehanga i roto i te takai pūmau, arā, te au takai toru-wāhanga, kātahi ka puta mā roto i te huānga whakatikatika i titoa mai i ngā diode ki te putanga au tika.
Ina kati te pana, ka tukuna tuatahitia te iahiko e te pākahiko. Ko te ara iahiko ko:
Pūhiko pai → rama utu → whakapā kaiwhakahaere → takai whakaoho → rino taupū → kino pūhiko. I tēnei wā, ka mura te rama tohu utu nā te iahiko e pā ana.
Heoi, i muri i te tīmatanga o te mīhini, i te pikinga o te tere o te whakaputa hiko, ka piki anō hoki te ngaohiko o te pito whakaputa hiko. Ina ōrite te ngaohiko putanga o te whakaputa hiko ki te ngaohiko o te pākahiko, ka ōrite te pūmanawa o te pito "B" me te pito "D" o te whakaputa hiko, i tēnei wā, ka tineia te rama tohu utu nā te mea he kore te rerekētanga pūmanawa i waenga i ngā pito e rua. E tohu ana kei te mahi noa te whakaputa hiko, ā, ko te whakaputa hiko whakaoho tonu te mea e tukuna ana. Ko te kaha hiko AC toru-wāhanga e hangaia ana e te takai toru-wāhanga i roto i te whakaputa hiko ka whakatikatikaina e te diode ka tukuna te iahiko tika hei tuku hiko ki te kawenga me te utu i te pākahiko.
Ko te tikanga, e whā ngā wāhanga o te alternator: te rotor, te stator, te rectifier me te end cap.
(1) Rotora
Ko te mahi a te rotor he whakaputa i tētahi papa aukume e hurihuri ana.
Kei roto i te rotor he pou maikuku, he ioka, he takai aukume, he mowhiti kaikohi me te rakau rotor.
E rua ngā pou maikuku e pēhia ana ki te kakau hurihuri, ā, e ono ngā pou aukume ngutu manu o ia pou maikuku e rua. Kei roto i te kōhao o te pou maikuku te takai aukume (te koiri hurihuri) me te ioka aukume.
Ko te mowhiti kaikohi he mea hanga mai i ngā mowhiti parahi e rua kua whakamātaotia tetahi ki tetahi. Ka pēhia te mowhiti kaikohi ki te kakau hurihuri, ā, ka whakamātaotia ki te kakau. Ka honoa ngā mowhiti kaikohi e rua ki ngā pito e rua o te takai aukume.
Ina tukuna ngā mowhiti kohikohi e rua ki roto i te au tika (mā te paraihe), ka puta te au mā te takai aukume, ā, ka puta te rerenga aukume tuaka, kia aukumetia ai tētahi pou matikuku ki te pou N, kia aukumetia ai tētahi atu ki te pou S, ā, ka hangaia he ono takirua o ngā pou aukume e hono ana. I te hurihuri o te rotor, ka hangaia he aukume e hurihuri ana [1].
Ko te ara iahiko aukume o te alternator ko: ioka →N pou → āputa hau i waenganui i te rotor me te stator → stator → Āputa hau i waenganui i te stator me te rotor →S pou → ioka.
(2) Te pūmau
Ko te mahi a te stator he whakaputa i te iahiko hurihuri.
He uho stator me he koiri stator te hanganga o te stator.
Ko te matua stator he mea hanga mai i ngā rau maitai silicon me ngā awaawa i roto i te mowhiti o roto, ā, ko te ara iahiko o te takai stator kei roto i te awaawa o te matua.
E toru ngā wāhanga o te takai stator, ā, ko te takai toru-wāhanga ka whakamahi i te hononga whetu, i te hononga tapatoru rānei (mana teitei), ka taea te whakaputa i te iahiko hurihuri toru-wāhanga.
Me takai te takai-wāhanga-toru kia rite ki ētahi whakaritenga kia whiwhi ai i te auau ōrite, te kaha ōrite, te rerekētanga wāhanga o te kaha hiko-wāhanga-toru 120°.
1. Me ōrite te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā taha whai hua e rua o ia koiri ki te wāhi e nohoia ana e te pou aukume.
2. Me rite, me maha rānei te tawhiti i waenga i ngā taha tīmatanga o ngā koiri tata o ia takai ā-wāhanga ki te tawhiti e nohoia ana e te takirua o ngā pou aukume.
3. Me wehe te taha tīmatanga o te takai-toru-wāhanga e te koki hiko 2π+120o (ko te wāhi e nohoia ana e te takirua o ngā pou aukume he koki hiko 360o).
I roto i te pūwhakawhiti hiko ā-rohe JF13, e 6 ngā mokowā e tohuhia ana e te takirua o ngā pou aukume (60o te koki hiko mō ia mokowā), e 3 ngā mokowā e tohuhia ana e te pou aukume, nō reira ko te mokowā tūranga o ngā taha whai hua e rua o ia koiri he 3 ngā mokowā, ko te tawhiti i waenga i te taha tīmatanga o ia takai ā-wāhanga e tata ana ki te koiri 6 ngā mokowā, ka taea te wehe i te taha tīmatanga o te takai ā-toru-wāhanga e 2 ngā mokowā, 8 ngā mokowā, 3 ngā mokowā. 14 ngā mokowā, me ētahi atu.
(3) Kaiwhakatikatika
Ko te mahi a te whakatikatika hiko ā-hurihuri he huri i te iahiko ā-toru-wāhanga o te takai stator ki te iahiko tika. Ko te whakatikatika o te whakatikatika o te ngongo-6 he ara iahiko whakatikatika piriti-katoa-wāhanga-toru e titoa ana e 6 ngā diode whakatikatika silicon, ā, ko ngā ngongo whakatikatika e 6 ka pēhia (ka whakarewahia rānei) ki runga i ngā pereti e rua.
1. Ngā āhuatanga o ngā diode whakatikatika silicon motuka
(1) He nui te au mahi, he 50A te au toharite whakamua, he 600A te au ngaru;
(2) Ngaohiko whakamuri teitei, ngaohiko tihi whakahoki whakamuri 270V, ngaohiko tihi kore-whakamuri whakamuri 300V;
(3) Kotahi anake te arataki. Ā, ko ētahi arataki diode he pai, ko ētahi arataki diode he kino, ko te ngongo he aho arataki pai ka kiia he ngongo pai, ā, ko te ngongo he aho arataki kino ka kiia he ngongo kino, nō reira he diode pai me he diode kino kei te diode whakatikatika.
(4) Taupoki pito
Ko te uhi pito e wehea ana kia rua ngā wāhanga (te uhi pito o mua me te uhi pito o muri), e mahi ana i te mahi hei whakatika i te rotor, te stator, te whakatikatika me te huihuinga paraihe. Ko te uhi pito he mea whakarewa ki te koranu konumohe, ka taea te aukati i te turuturu aukume me te pai o te mahi whakamarara wera.
Kei te taupoki o muri he huihuinga paraihe e titoa ana i te paraihe, he pupuri paraihe me te puna paraihe. Ko te mahi a te paraihe he whakauru i te pūhiko hiko mā te mowhiti kaikohi ki roto i te takai mara.
He rerekē te hononga i waenga i te takai aukume (ngā paraihe e rua) me te whakaputa hiko, nō reira ka wehea te whakaputa hiko ki ngā momo ā-roto me ngā momo ā-waho.
1. Pūhiko rino ā-roto: He pūhiko me te takai aukume e hono tika ana ki te rino mā te paraihe (e hono tika ana ki te whare).
2. Pūhiko ā-waho: He pūhiko e āraihia ana ngā paraihe e rua o te takai ā-papa mai i te whare.
Ka honoa te irahiko kino (paraihe kino) o te takai aukume o te whakaputa rino-waho ki te kaiwhakahaere, kātahi ka honoa te rino i muri i te tukunga.
Ki te hiahia koe ki te mōhio atu, pānuihia tonutia ngā tuhinga kē atu i runga i tēnei pae!
Tena waea mai ki a mātou mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki ēnei hua.
E whakapau kaha ana a Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. ki te hoko i ngā wāhanga waka a MG&MAUXS. Nau mai ki te hoko.
